Which of the following is an effective method for gathering stakeholder requirements?

Conducting interviews or surveys is an effective method for gathering stakeholder requirements as it directly engages stakeholders in the process. This approach allows for open communication and the opportunity to explore their needs, expectations, and concerns in detail. Interviews provide a personal touch, enabling follow-up questions and clarification of points, while surveys can reach a broader audience efficiently, collecting quantitative and qualitative data. This interactive exchange fosters a clearer understanding of what stakeholders value, helping to ensure that their requirements are accurately captured and addressed in the project.

The other methods listed, such as creating extensive documentation and analyzing financial reports, lack the direct engagement with stakeholders that is crucial for understanding their specific needs and expectations. While reviewing past project data may offer insights into previous requirements, it does not provide fresh perspectives or the current context from stakeholders. Hence, without the active involvement of stakeholders through interviews or surveys, the capture of their requirements may be incomplete or misaligned with their current expectations.